The weekend rampage in Tucson that critically wounded U.S. Rep. Gabrielle Giffords and left six others dead has drawn attention to Arizona’s lenient gun laws.
It’s not clear that stricter controls would have prevented the suspect, Jared L. Loughner, from buying the semiautomatic handgun tied to Saturday’s violence. But as the Washington Post reports, Arizona has an “Old West” culture when it comes to gun control, with gun ownership rights being written into the state’s 1910 Constitution.
Last year, for example, Gov. Jan Brewer celebrated the centenary of that document by signing a National Rifle Association-backed bill repealing a state law that required gun owners to have a permit to carry a concealed weapon.
“Arizona, as it turns out, has almost no gun laws,” said Paul Helmke, director of the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence, which gave the state a score of only two points out of a possible 100 in its 2009 gun control scorecard.
Another case in point: In the wake of the Virginia Tech shootings, Arizona lawmakers proposed a law to allow students and teachers to carry guns to class. Sheriff Clarence W. Dupnik of Pima County, which includes Tucson, said that the proposal, which did not become law, represented the “ridiculous” state of affairs in Arizona.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Arizona had the ninth-highest firearm death rate in the nation, at 14.97 per 100,000 people, in 2007. All of the top-ranked states were in the South and West, and had lax gun laws and higher gun ownership rates.
The following table compares the gun control measures of Arizona, Connecticut and Illinois:
| Arizona | Connecticut | Illinois | |
| Universal background check on all handgun sales | No | Yes | No |
| Fingerprinting required for gun permit | No | Yes | No |
| Permit process involves law enforcement | No | Yes | Yes |
| Minimum age of 21 for handgun purchase | No | Yes | Yes |
| Law enforcement discretion when issuing concealed-weapon permit | No | Yes | Yes |
Source: Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence


