Experts Warn That Arctic Could Be Site of Next Oil Disaster

Before the BP oil spill fades from memory, experts are sounding alarms about the risk of the next big disaster occurring where cleanup could be far more difficult–the Arctic.

The region may hold about one-fifth of the world’s untapped oil and gas reserves, according to a report by the U.S. Geological Survey. Canada, Denmark, Iceland, Norway, the United States, and Russia — the world’s top oil producer — share the icy region. Russia, in particular, is anxious to begin drilling there because, as Reuters reports, the rewards could be huge.

Russia estimates that its Arctic zone holds about 51 billion tons of oil, enough to meet global oil demand for more than four years.

Yet, Russian officials and experts also warn that the region’s darkness, sub-zero temperatures, ice, high winds, and remoteness could make cleaning up an oil spill especially challenging.

Even with the right equipment and personnel, the Arctic’s sea ice could damage oil containment booms, and slush ice could prevent burning fluid from igniting oil in burn operations.

Nor does Russia’s track record with oil spills inspire confidence. One of its worst spills occurred in 1994 when an old pipeline in the northern Komi Republic began to leak, spilling up to 100 million gallons, about half the amount of the BP spill.  Smaller spills have plagued the area on an almost annual basis since then.

Still Russia, which recently ended a 40-year dispute with Norway over maritime boundaries in the Arctic, seems poised to forge ahead, attracting other petroleum heavyweights in the process. The country’s Natural Resource Ministry says that by 2039, it wants to invest more than $300 billion in oil exploration, mostly in the Arctic.

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